BATTERY INTODUCTION

Battery__

What is Lead Acid Battery ?

The lead-acid battery consists of two electrodes submerged in an electrolyte of sulfuric acid. The Positive electrode is made of grains of metallic lead oxide, while the negative electrode is attached to a grid of metallic lead.

What is the use of Lead Acid Battery?

These batteries are used in back-up power supplies for Motorcycle, Passenger Vehicles, LMV Vehicle, HMV Vehicle, Commercial Vehicles, E-Rickshaw & Inverter.

What are the different batteries used in electric vehicles?

There are 4 types of batteries that are used as energy storage in electric vehicles, mainly including,

• Lead acid batteries
• Lithium-ion batteries
• Nickel-Metal Hydride batteries
• Ultracapacitors
 

Is Lead batteries are cheapest ?

Lead acid batteries are the cheapest batteries available per kWh of storage capacity. The sealed version requires no maintenance and for many applications is better than the flooded lead acid variety. The lead used in lead acid
batteries is almost entirely recycled.

What are the three types of lead batteries ?
there are three distinct types of lead acid batteries manufactured and any one type can be designed and built for either starting or deep cycle applications. These types are flooded acid, gelled acid, and Advanced AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat).

How long does lead acid battery last ?
Sealed lead acid batteries can have a design life of anywhere from 3 – 5 years all the way up to 12+ years depending on the manufacturing process of the battery.

How do I choose a lead acid battery charger ?

As a rule of thumb when selecting a charger for a lead acid battery, match the voltage and use one that is no more than 20% of the capacity rating of the battery (at a 20hr. rate). Example: to charge a 12 volt / 7.5Ah battery, select a charger with a maximum charge output of 1.5 Amps (7.5 x 0.20 = 1.5).

What should I look for in a battery charger?

You'll want to pick a charger that offers at least 10 percent of your battery's amp-hour (Ah) rating. So, if you have a 100Ah car battery, you'll need to make sure you choose a charger with at least a 10-amp minimum. Upgrade to a larger charger with more amps, and you'll be able to recharge your battery even faster.

 

 

Battery Types and Comparisons - VRLA vs GEL vs AGM___

Flooded Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries (VRLA)
Gelled Electrolyte Lead Acid Battery (GEL)
Advanced Glass Mat Battery Construction (AGM)

Today, there are three distinct types of lead acid batteries manufactured and any one type can be designed and built for either starting or deep cycle applications. These types are flooded acid, gelled acid, and Advanced AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat). There are various quality levels available in each type. Price is dependent the product design, processing, and manufacturing costs. This includes the amount of lead, purity of that lead, methods of pasting and curing the plates, degree and type of inter-plate insulation, quality of the case, and the sealing method used. Generally, high quality means higher cost.

Flooded Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries (VRLAB)
The oldest types of lead acid batteries are flooded cell types. These have been around for decades and evolved from wooden box models into the plastic valve regulated models on the market today. The electrolyte in these batteries is liquid sulfuric acid solution. This stuff is pretty corrosive and has destroyed more than a few sets of clothes and pieces of RV gear. VRLA flooded batteries generate and vent dangerous explosive gases through their valve regulation and must be vented to the outside world. These batteries also acid "mist" during charging and discharging. This leads to the corrosion of their terminals, and often-acid damage to surrounding surfaces. (look at your car battery for an example) VRLA Flooded batteries must be installed upright, can leak that acid, and require regular watering. Should they fail to be watered, they will not perform to spec. That all being said, they are also the least expensive type and therefore are the choice of many renewable and RV owners.

Gelled Electrolyte Lead Acid Battery (GEL)
The next types of batteries are gelled acid (Electrolyte) designs. They were introduced to American RVs and Marine enthusiasts by Sonenshein of Germany over 30 years ago. Their introduction and widespread adoption was due to their increased efficiency and designed safety features. Their acid is immobilized by adding "fumed" silica to the sulfuric acid solution and then sealing the battery. They internally recombine most of the gases (hydrogen and oxygen) generated during charging and are maintenance free due to this. Gelled electrolyte battery designs are generally quite old and few engineering options are left to improve them. Gel electrolyte is highly viscous and during charge and discharge the gel can develop voids (pockets) or cracks when the amperage is increased. These pockets impede acid flow and result in the loss of battery capacity. Also, the gelled mixture can liquefy upon charge due to the shearing action of gassing (this property is called "thixotropic"). After termination of charge, it can take an hour for the acid to gel again. During this time liquid is moving and the battery can leak if any opening has developed. Last, gel batteries may store hydrogen gas that has not recombined. When overcharging causes a gel battery's vent caps to open, explosive gasses may be vented into the battery compartment. This vented hydrogen has caused a number of "fast failures" or battery explosions.


 

A few more things to take into consideration - purity of the lead, and the construction of the battery.

Pure Lead: (99.999% pure or "triple 9") The manufacturers we choose to list only use this quality of materials in their products. Quite simply, recycled lead in batteries is not as chemically able to absorb charge. The pure lead can be as much as 20% more likely to chemically sustain a charge. Hand Soldered Cells: Lead is an extremely porous metal, and this leads to inconsistencies in the soldering of 2 lead parts. Hand soldering is by far the most effective, and time-honoured practice to join this metal. In the last few years, several companies have pioneered machines for soldering designed to vary each and every weld to meet spec. These systems are becoming increasingly more accurate and are becoming acceptable for low vibration and stationary installations. Both Sun Xtender and Lifeline batteries are Hand Soldered here in the United States and quality inspected prior to charging, and delivery.
Rolls - Surrette Batteries are soldered by machine, but are rigorously tested out as the highest quality flooded batteries available.

Dual Wall Construction:
Oil Tankers are required to have two hulls to keep oil out of the ocean. Batteries should have 2 walls to keep the acid out of living room. In addition, the space between the hulls should be used to recombine the gasses produced during electrolysis to reduce the explosive nature of the installation. Sun Xtender and Lifeline Batteries both employ this double wall design leading to a further margin of safety and durability.

 

BATTERY FEATURES
• High Cranking Power
• Long life
• Low Water Loss
• Long Reserve Capacity
• Factory Charged and ready to use condition

 

BATTERY MAINTANANCE
• Keep the battery top clean and dry. Apply either petroleum jelly or Vaseline for better
   contact between terminal and clamps and to prevent corrosion.
• Top up only with Distilled Water.
• Be sure to inspect your vehicle’s electrical system regularly, especially the regulator voltage
   setting.
• Get your battery serviced regularly from your nearest authorised Axabull dealer.

ADVANTAGES
• Low internal impedance
• Robust
• Can deliver very high currents
• Wide range of sizes and capacities available